ADAR1 Picoband polyclonal, anti-human

Description: Rabbit IgG polyclonal antibody for Double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase(ADAR) detection. Tested with WB, IHC-P in Human.Protein Name: Double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase

Protein Function:
Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) referred to as A-to-I RNA editing. This may affect gene expression and function in a number of ways that include mRNA translation by changing codons and hence the amino acid sequence of proteins; pre-mRNA splicing by altering splice site recognition sequences; RNA stability by changing sequences involved in nuclease recognition; genetic stability in the case of RNA virus genomes by changing sequences during viral RNA replication; and RNA structure-dependent activities such as microRNA production or targeting or protein-RNA interactions. Can edit both viral and cellular RNAs and can edit RNAs at multiple sites (hyper-editing) or at specific sites (site-specific editing). Its cellular RNA substrates include: bladder cancer- associated protein (BLCAP), neurotransmitter receptors for glutamate (GRIA2) and serotonin (HTR2C) and GABA receptor (GABRA3). Site-specific RNA editing of transcripts encoding these proteins results in amino acid substitutions which consequently alters their functional activities. Exhibits low-level editing at the GRIA2 Q/R site, but edits efficiently at the R/G site and HOTSPOT1. Its viral RNA substrates include: hepatitis C virus (HCV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), measles virus (MV), hepatitis delta virus (HDV), and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Exhibits either a proviral (HDV, MV, VSV and HIV-1) or an antiviral effect (HCV) and this can be editing-dependent (HDV and HCV), editing-independent (VSV and MV) or both (HIV-1). Impairs HCV replication via RNA editing at multiple sites. Enhances the replication of MV, VSV and HIV-1 through an editing- independent mechanism via suppression of EIF2AK2/PKR activation and function. Stimulates both the release and infectivity of HIV-1 viral particles by an editing-dependent mechanism where it associates with viral RNAs and edits adenosines in the 5'UTR and the Rev and Tat coding sequence. Can enhance viral replication of HDV via A-to-I editing at a site designated as amber/W, thereby changing an UAG amber stop codon to an UIG tryptophan (W) codon that permits synthesis of the large delta antigen (L-HDAg) which has a key role in the assembly of viral particles. However, high levels of ADAR1 inhibit HDV replication. .

Other Names: Double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase, DRADA, 3.5.4.37, 136 kDa double-stranded RNA-binding protein, p136, Interferon-inducible protein 4, IFI-4, K88DSRBP, ADAR, ADAR1, DSRAD, G1P1, IFI4

Subcellular Localization: Isoform 1: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus.

Tissue Specificity: Ubiquitously expressed, highest levels were found in brain and lung. Isoform 5 is expressed at higher levels in astrocytomas as compared to normal brain tissue and expression increases strikingly with the severity of the tumor, being higher in the most aggressive tumors. .

Gene ID: 103

Immunogen: E.coli-derived human ADAR1 recombinant protein (Position: S128-Q346). Human ADAR1 shares 90.2% and 50.7% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat ADAR1, respectively.

Calculated MW: 136066

Purification: Immunogen affinity purified.

Format: Lyophilized

Reconstitution: Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml.

Contents: Each vial contains 5mg BSA, 0.9mg NaCl, 0.2mg Na2HPO4, 0.05mg NaN3.

Concentration (mg/ml): Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml.

Storage: At -20˚C for one year. After reconstitution, at 4˚C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20˚C for a longer time.Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.