GSK3β (Phospho-Ser9) polyclonal, anti-human

Background:
Glycogen synthase kinase-3α (GSK-3α) and GSK-3β are highly similar isoforms of serine/ threonine kinases that regulate metabolic enzymes and transcription factors, which are responsible for coordinating processes such as glycogen synthesis and cell adhesion. GSK-3β activity is also required for nuclear activity of Rel dimers, which mediate an anti-apoptotic response to TNFα in mice. GSK-3 catalytic kinase activity is controlled through differential phosphorylation of serine/threonine residues, which have an inhibitory effect, and tyrosine residues, which have an activating effect. Growth factor stimulation of mammalian cells expressing GSK-3α and GSK-3β induces phosphorylation of Ser 21 and Ser 9, respectively, through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-K)-protein kinase B (PKB)-dependent pathway, thereby enhancing proliferative signals. Additionally, GSK-3 physically associates with cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), which phosphorylates Ser 21 of GSK-3α or Ser 9 of GSK-3β and inactivates both forms. GSK-3α/β is positively regulated by phosphorylation on Tyr 279 and Tyr 216, respectively. Activated GSK-3α/β participates in energy metabolism, neuronal cell development, and body pattern formation. Tyrosine dephosphorylation of GSK-3 is involved in its extracellular signal-dependent inactivation.

Alternative Name:
GSK-3 beta, GSK3B, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta, Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta, GSK 3 beta, GSK-3 beta, GSK3B, GSK3B, GSK3beta isoform, Serine/threonine-protein kinase GSK3B,

Application Dilution:
WB:1:1,000-1:2,000
ICC:1:50-1:200
IHC:1:50-1:200

Specificity: GSK3β (Phospho-Ser9) polyclonal antibody detects endogenous levels of GSK3β protein only when phosphorylated at Ser9.

Immunogen:
Synthetic phospho-peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser9 of human GSK3 beta.

MW: 47 kDa

Swiss-Prot: P49841(Human)

Purification & Purity:
ProA affinity purified

Format:
Rabbit IgG, 1mg/ml in PBS with 0.02% sodium azide, 50% glycerol, pH7.2

Storage:
Store at +4°C after thawing. Aliquot store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze / thaw cycles.

For research use only, not for use in diagnostic procedure.