GSK3α/β (Phospho-Y216/Y279) polyclonal, anti-human, mouse, rat

Background:
Glycogen synthase kinase-3α (GSK-3α) and GSK-3β are highly similar isoforms of serine/ threonine kinases that regulate metabolic enzymes and transcription factors, which are responsible for coordinating processes such as glycogen synthesis and cell adhesion. GSK-3β activity is also required for nuclear activity of Rel dimers, which mediate an anti-apoptotic response to TNFα in mice. GSK-3 catalytic kinase activity is controlled through differential phosphorylation of serine/threonine residues, which have an inhibitory effect, and tyrosine residues, which have an activating effect. Growth factor stimulation of mammalian cells expressing GSK-3α and GSK-3β induces phosphorylation of Ser 21 and Ser 9, respectively, through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-K)-protein kinase B (PKB)-dependent pathway, thereby enhancing proliferative signals. Additionally, GSK-3 physically associates with cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), which phosphorylates Ser 21 of GSK-3α or Ser 9 of GSK-3β and inactivates both forms. GSK-3α/β is positively regulated by phosphorylation on Tyr 279 and Tyr 216, respectively. Activated GSK-3α/β participates in energy metabolism, neuronal cell development, and body pattern formation. Tyrosine dephosphorylation of GSK-3 is involved in its extracellular signal-dependent inactivation.

Alternative Name:
GSK-3 alpha, GSK3A, GSK-3 beta, GSK3B, Factor A, Glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha, Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta, GSK3 alpha, GSK3 beta, GSK3B,

Application Dilution:
WB:1:1,000
ICC:1:100-1:500
IHC:1:50-1:200

Specificity: GSK3α/β (Phospho-Y216/Y279) polyclonal antibody detects endogenous levels of GSK3α/β protein only when phosphorylated at Tyr279/216

Immunogen:
Synthetic phospho-peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Tyr216 and 279 of human GSK3(alpha+beta).

MW: 51 kDa

Swiss-Prot: P49840(Human) P49841(Human) Q2NL51(Mouse) Q9WV60(Mouse) P18265(Rat) P18266(Rat)

Purification & Purity:
ProA affinity purified

Format:
Rabbit IgG, 1mg/ml in PBS with 0.02% sodium azide, 50% glycerol, pH7.2

Storage:
Store at +4°C after thawing. Aliquot store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze / thaw cycles.

For research use only, not for use in diagnostic procedure.